| # | Nepali Month | Days | Gregorian Months |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Baishakh [बैशाख] | 30 / 31 | mid-April to mid-May |
| 2 | Jeth [जेष्ठ or जेठ] | 31 / 32 | mid-May to mid-June |
| 3 | Asar[आषाढ or असार] | 31 / 32 | mid-June to mid-July |
| 4 | Sawan [श्रावण or साउन] | 31 / 32 | mid-July to mid-August |
| 5 | Bhadau [भाद्र or भदौ] | 31 / 32 | mid-August to mid-September |
| 6 | Asoj [आश्विन or असोज] | 30 / 31 | mid-September to mid-October |
| 7 | Kartik [कार्तिक] | 29 / 30 | mid-October to mid-November |
| 8 | Mangsir [मार्ग or मंसिर] | 29 / 30 | mid-November to mid-December |
| 9 | Poush [पौष or पुष/पूस] | 29 / 30 | mid-December to mid-January |
| 10 | Magh [माघ] | 29 / 30 | mid-January to mid-February |
| 11 | Falgun [फाल्गुन or फागुन] | 29 / 30 | mid-February to mid-March |
| 12 | Chaitra [चैत्र or चैत] | 30 / 31 | mid-March to mid-April |
The Nepali Calendar, also known as Nepali Patro, is the official calendar of Nepal and follows the Bikram Sambat system. This calendar provides accurate Nepali dates along with events and festivals such as Dashain, Tihar, Losar, marriage dates, Brata Bandha, and more.
It is approximately 56 years and 8½ months ahead of the Gregorian calendar (English calendar). The Nepali calendar is a traditional lunar calendar used for both civic and religious purposes in Nepal, with the year starting in the month of Baishakh (around April 14).
Unlike Gregorian months, the length of Nepali months is not fixed and changes each year, varying from 29 to 32 days.
In addition to Nepal and India, this calendar is also used in countries like Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia.
Bikram Sambat (also known as Vikram Samvat in India) is an Indian calendar established by the Indian emperor Vikramaditya in 57 BC.
This calendar began about half a century before the Gregorian calendar, making it 56 years and 8½ months ahead. It commemorates the day King Vikramaditya defeated the Sakas, who had invaded the ancient city of Ujjain, located in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh.
In addition to Bikram Samwat (also known as Bikram Sambat, in Devanagari: बिक्रम संवत, abbreviated as "B.S."), the Gregorian calendar and the Newari calendar (Nepal Sambat) are also used in Nepal.
Nepal Sambat (नेपाल सम्बत) is a lunar calendar initiated by Sankhadhar Sakhwa to commemorate the repayment of all the debts of the Nepalese people.
It began on October 20, 879 AD, and was the national calendar of Nepal during the Malla and early Shah eras. However, it was replaced as the national calendar by Bikram Sambat in the early 20th century. Today, the Nepal Sambat calendar is still used for ceremonial purposes to determine the dates of religious festivals, as well as to commemorate birthdays and death anniversaries.